本文目录一览:
- 1、验电器的工作原理是什么
- 2、验电器的工作原理
- 3、验电器的原理是什么?
验电器的工作原理是什么
原理:
当被检验物体接触验电器顶端的导体时,自身所带的电荷会传到玻璃钟罩内的箔片上。由于同种电荷相互排斥,箔片将自动分开,张成一定角度。
根据两箔片张成角度的大小可估计物体带电量的大小。其实这是箔片所受电场力包括箔片上同名的电荷的斥力和器皿内壁异名电荷的吸引力。
如果将玻璃瓶改为使用金属盒以便屏蔽静电、金属棒和器皿引出导线以便测量两点间电势差、增加刻度以便将结果量化,那么验电器可以改造为更精确的静电计。
扩展资料
注意事项:
1、投入使用的高压验电器必须是经电气试验合格的验电器,高压验电器必须定期试验,确保其性能良好。
2、使用高压验电器必须穿戴高压绝缘手套、绝缘鞋,并有专人监护。
3、在使用验电器之前,应首先检验验电器是否良好,有效外,还应在电压等级相适应的带电设备上检验报警正确,方能到需要接地的设备上验电,禁止使用电压等级不对应的验电器进行验电,以免现场测验时得出错误的判断。
参考资料来源:百度百科—验电器
验电器的工作原理
由于同种电荷相互排斥,箔片将自动分开,张成一定角度。根据两箔片张成角度的大小可估计物体带电量的大小。
检验时,把物体与金属球(金属板)接触,如果物体带电,就有一部分电荷传到两片金属箔上,金属箔由于带了同种电荷,彼此排斥而张开,所带的电荷越多,张开的角度越大;如果物体不带电,则金属箔不动。
当已知物体带电时,若要识别它所带电荷的种类,只要先把这带电体与金属球接触一下,使金属箔张开。然后,再用已知的带足够多正电的物体接触验电器的金属球,如果金属箔张开的角度更大,则表示该带电体的电荷为正的;反之,如果金属箔张开的角度减小,或先闭合而后张开,则表示带电体的电荷是负的。
扩展资料:
产生静电感应。
如带正电的物体接近不带电的验电器的金属球,则由于静电感应,验电器金属球处感应出负电荷,而金属箔则由于带正电而张开一定角度;
若验电器原来带正电,由于静电感应,同种电荷相斥,金属球的正电荷电荷量减少,金属箔电荷量增多,张角增大;
若验电器原来带负电,则异种电荷相吸,金属球电荷量增大,金属箔电荷量可能只减少,可能先减小,然后带正电增加,因此其张角可能只减小,可能先减小后增大。
参考资料来源:百度百科——验电器
验电器的原理是什么?
不带电,闭合;带任何一种电都有张角,因为两片薄片带同种电荷相排斥。
若不带电,与任何带电体接触都张开,因为有电流流向验电器而带电。
若带电,
①与不带电物接触,张角变小,但不会闭合。因为电荷会流向不带电物体,有损失,排斥力变小,但还是有排斥。
②与带同种电荷物体接触,张角:a,可能变大(因为带电体带的电荷比验电器多而有电荷流向验电器,排斥力加大),b,可能变小,(因为带电体带的电荷比验电器少而有电荷流向带电体,排斥力减小),c,也可能不变,(因为带电体带的电荷恰好与验电器相同,没有电流,排斥力不变)
③与带异各电荷物体接触,张角一定变小,但小到什么程度还要看带电体带多少电。a,若只带少量异种电荷,尚不足以中和验电器本身的电荷,则张角只是变小,还不闭合;b,若带足量异种电荷,则先中和验电器本身的电荷,继而使验电器带上异种电荷,则张角先变小至闭合,再因重新带电(异种电荷)而张开;c,若恰好带异种电荷数与验电器电荷数相同,则电荷恰好完全中和,此时张角逐渐减少至恰好闭合。
验电器的原理
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